0038/2013 - A COMUNIDADE TERAPÊUTICA PARA RECUPERAÇÃO DA DEPENDÊNCIA DO ÁLCOOL E OUTRAS DROGAS NO BRASIL: MÃO OU CONTRAMÃO DA REFORMA PSIQUIÁTRICA? THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY FOR RECOVERY OF CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY IN BRASIL: FOR OR AGAINST THE PSYCHIATRY REFORM?
• PABLO ANDRÉS KURLANDER PERRONE - Kurlander PA - AVARÉ, SP - FMB BOTUCATU - UNESP - <pablok@novajornada.org.br>
Área Temática:
Saúde Mental
Resumo:
Na segunda metade do século passado iniciava-se um movimento revolucionário no cenário mundial da saúde mental: a Reforma Psiquiátrica. No mesmo momento nascia a proposta das Comunidades Terapêuticas, que mais tarde se tornaria um modelo consagrado de atendimento para a dependência do álcool e outras drogas. Por outro lado, com o alarmante crescimento deste problema no Brasil, assim como pela ausência de políticas públicas que dessem conta do problema, houve uma indiscriminada proliferação de locais de internação para dependentes químicos que, mesmo se autodenominando como Comunidades Terapêuticas, em nada se assemelham ao modelo inicial proposto. Estes locais apresentam práticas desumanas e iatrogênicas, muito semelhantes às criticadas pelo movimento da Reforma Psiquiátrica, o que tem provocado o descrédito para com o modelo das Comunidades Terapêuticas. Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar, através de pesquisa bibliográfica, como as bases conceituais e metodológicas da Reforma Psiquiátrica se assemelham profundamente as do movimento das Comunidades Terapêuticas, tendo surgido na mesma época e pelo mesmo motivo, e como a falta de regulamentação dos locais de internação para dependentes químicos no Brasil tem contribuído com o atual descrédito deste modelo.
Palavras-chave:
Comunidade Terapêutica
dependência do álcool e outras drogas
Reforma Psiquiátrica
Abstract:
On second half of last century began in mental health’s world scenery a revolutionary movement: the Psychiatry Reform. This movement aims a shift in mental diseases patients treatment, proposing more humanized treatments. At same time born the proposal of Therapeutic Communities, who later also became an established model of dependence on alcohol and other drugs treatment. However, because the alarming increase of this problem in Brazil, as well as the absence of public policies that solve the problem, there was an indiscriminate proliferation of chemical dependent internment that, also self-called Therapeutic Communities, anything resembled the initial model proposed. These places present inhuman and iatrogenic practices, very similar those criticized by Psychiatry Reform, which has caused discrediting to the Therapeutic Communities model. This article aims demonstrate, through a bibliographic research, how the conceptual and methodological bases of PR closely resemble with de Therapeutic Communities movement, having appeared at the same time and for the same reason, and how the lack of governance of chemical dependents internment places in Brazil has contributed to current discrediting of this model.
Keywords:
Therapeutic Community
dependence on alcohol and other drugs
Psychiatry Reform
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY FOR RECOVERY OF CHEMICAL DEPENDENCY IN BRASIL: FOR OR AGAINST THE PSYCHIATRY REFORM?
Resumo (abstract):
On second half of last century began in mental health’s world scenery a revolutionary movement: the Psychiatry Reform. This movement aims a shift in mental diseases patients treatment, proposing more humanized treatments. At same time born the proposal of Therapeutic Communities, who later also became an established model of dependence on alcohol and other drugs treatment. However, because the alarming increase of this problem in Brazil, as well as the absence of public policies that solve the problem, there was an indiscriminate proliferation of chemical dependent internment that, also self-called Therapeutic Communities, anything resembled the initial model proposed. These places present inhuman and iatrogenic practices, very similar those criticized by Psychiatry Reform, which has caused discrediting to the Therapeutic Communities model. This article aims demonstrate, through a bibliographic research, how the conceptual and methodological bases of PR closely resemble with de Therapeutic Communities movement, having appeared at the same time and for the same reason, and how the lack of governance of chemical dependents internment places in Brazil has contributed to current discrediting of this model.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Therapeutic Community
dependence on alcohol and other drugs
Psychiatry Reform
Kurlander PA. A COMUNIDADE TERAPÊUTICA PARA RECUPERAÇÃO DA DEPENDÊNCIA DO ÁLCOOL E OUTRAS DROGAS NO BRASIL: MÃO OU CONTRAMÃO DA REFORMA PSIQUIÁTRICA?. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2013/mar). [Citado em 23/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/a-comunidade-terapeutica-para-recuperacao-da-dependencia-do-alcool-e-outras-drogas-no-brasil-mao-ou-contramao-da-reforma-psiquiatrica/12152?id=12152