Este artigo apresenta e discute os desafios epistemológicos e metodológicos relacionados ao estudo empírico da experiência em primeira pessoa na pesquisa em Saúde Mental. Considerando-se o campo da pesquisa qualitativa em saúde examinam-se os princípios metodológicos da fenomenologia e da antropologia médica em uma perspectiva histórica e conceitual. São apresentados os principais conceitos operatórios do método fenomenológico aplicado à pesquisa empírica, bem como suas duas principais abordagens, a fenomenologia descritiva e psicológica/transcendental e a fenomenologia hermenêutica ou interpretativa. As contribuições da Antropologia Médica são trabalhadas sobretudo no que concerne à experiência de adoecimento e suas modalidades narrativas. Por fim, considerando-se a distinção entre experiência e narrativa, a partir dos referenciais teóricos da Fenomenologia e da Antropologia Médica, aprofunda-se o debate sobre o acesso à experiência em primeira pessoa.
This article presents and discusses the epistemological and methodological challenges related to the empirical study of first-person experience in mental health research. Considering the field of qualitative research, the methodological principles of phenomenology and medical anthropology, in a historical and conceptual perspective, are examined. The main operative concepts of the phenomenological method applied to empirical research, as well as their two main approaches, descriptive phenomenology and psychological/transcendental phenomenology and hermeneutics or interpretive are described. The contributions of medical anthropology are worked regard to the experience of illness and its modalities narratives. Finally, considering the distinction between experience and narrative to Phenomenology of Medical Anthropology, the debate on access to experience in first person is discussed in a more specific and deeper perspective.
Keywords:
Experience
Narrative
Methodology,
Phenomenology,
Medical Anthropology
Access to first-person experience in research in Mental Health
Resumo (abstract):
This article presents and discusses the epistemological and methodological challenges related to the empirical study of first-person experience in mental health research. Considering the field of qualitative research, the methodological principles of phenomenology and medical anthropology, in a historical and conceptual perspective, are examined. The main operative concepts of the phenomenological method applied to empirical research, as well as their two main approaches, descriptive phenomenology and psychological/transcendental phenomenology and hermeneutics or interpretive are described. The contributions of medical anthropology are worked regard to the experience of illness and its modalities narratives. Finally, considering the distinction between experience and narrative to Phenomenology of Medical Anthropology, the debate on access to experience in first person is discussed in a more specific and deeper perspective.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Experience
Narrative
Methodology,
Phenomenology,
Medical Anthropology
Leal, E. M., Serpa Junior, O.D.. Acesso à experiência em primeira pessoa na pesquisa em Saúde Mental. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2013/jun). [Citado em 23/01/2025].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/acesso-a-experiencia-em-primeira-pessoa-na-pesquisa-em-saude-mental/13385?id=13385
