1331/2013 - Atenção Primária a Saúde voltada as necessidades dos idosos: da teoria à prática Primary Health Care oriented towards older persons’ needs: from the theory to the practices
Objetivo: estabelecer um confrontamento entre teoria e prática no que tange o cuidado com a saúde de pessoas idosas. Método: A teoria foi avaliada através de um estudo de documentos que compõem o arcabouço teórico-legal relacionado com a saúde do idoso que gerou a construção de uma matriz com as seguintes categorias: Acesso Universal, Equidade, Integralidade e Qualidade do Cuidado. Já a prática foi avaliada através de dados empíricos obtidos por um estudo de base populacional realizado junto a 862 idosos e por um censo que avaliou unidades de atenção primária (APS), ambos em dois distritos sanitários de Porto Alegre/RS. As variáveis que avaliaram as categorias foram respectivamente: tipo de serviço acessado, atributo de primeiro contato, acessibilidade de cadeirantes; presença de acesso prioritário; atributo integralidade e presença de restos radiculares; escore essencial da APS, adequação das estruturas das unidades de APS e capacitação profissional e variáveis transversais: grupos de idosos e visita domiciliar. Resultados: O confrontamento entre categorias e dados mostrou um descompasso entre o preconizado e o estabelecido no que tange: acesso, integralidade e qualidade do cuidado e aos ambientes físicos das unidades de saúde. Por outro lado, observaram-se avanços em relação à equidade e a qualidade do cuidado em relação à capacitação dos profissionais.
Palavras-chave:
Envelhecimento
Serviços de Saúde para Idosos
Políticas Públicas de Saúde
Atenção Primária à Saúde
Acesso aos serviços de saúde
Assistência odontológica para idosos
Abstract:
Objective: Establish a confrontation between older persons‘ health care theory and practices. Method: The theory was evaluated by a documental study from the legal and theoretical guidelines related with older persons’ health which generated a matrix with the following categories: Universal Access, Equity, Comprehensiveness and Quality of Care. Already the health care practices were evaluated by empirical data that were obtained through a population based study conducted on 862 elderly people and a census that assessed units and primary care (PHC) teams in two health districts of Porto Alegre/RS. Variables chosen to verify the categories were respectively: type of health service accessed, first contact attribute, wheelchair accessibility, availability of priority access ; comprehensiveness attribute and tooth root remnants presence; PHC essential score, health facilities structure adequacy and professional continued education attainment; and transversal categories: elderly groups availability and home care availability. Results: The confrontation between categories and data showed a mismatch between the recommendation and the practice regarding: access, comprehensiveness and quality of care and infra-structure of health units. On the other hand, improvements were observed in equity and quality of care regarding continued education attainment by professionals.
Keywords:
Aging
Health Services for Aged
Health Public Policy
Primary Health Care
Access to health care
Dental care for aged
Primary Health Care oriented towards older persons’ needs: from the theory to the practices
Resumo (abstract):
Objective: Establish a confrontation between older persons‘ health care theory and practices. Method: The theory was evaluated by a documental study from the legal and theoretical guidelines related with older persons’ health which generated a matrix with the following categories: Universal Access, Equity, Comprehensiveness and Quality of Care. Already the health care practices were evaluated by empirical data that were obtained through a population based study conducted on 862 elderly people and a census that assessed units and primary care (PHC) teams in two health districts of Porto Alegre/RS. Variables chosen to verify the categories were respectively: type of health service accessed, first contact attribute, wheelchair accessibility, availability of priority access ; comprehensiveness attribute and tooth root remnants presence; PHC essential score, health facilities structure adequacy and professional continued education attainment; and transversal categories: elderly groups availability and home care availability. Results: The confrontation between categories and data showed a mismatch between the recommendation and the practice regarding: access, comprehensiveness and quality of care and infra-structure of health units. On the other hand, improvements were observed in equity and quality of care regarding continued education attainment by professionals.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Aging
Health Services for Aged
Health Public Policy
Primary Health Care
Access to health care
Dental care for aged
Martins, A.B., Hugo, F.N, Hilgert, J.B.. Atenção Primária a Saúde voltada as necessidades dos idosos: da teoria à prática. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2013/ago). [Citado em 23/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/atencao-primaria-a-saude-voltada-as-necessidades-dos-idosos-da-teoria-a-pratica/13728?id=13728