0073/2022 - DETERMINANTES DO NASCIMENTO PREMATURO: PROPOSTA DE UM MODELO TEÓRICO HIERARQUIZADO DETERMINANTS OF PREMATURE BIRTH: PROPOSAL FOR A HIERARCHICAL THEORETICAL MODEL
O nascimento prematuro (NP) é uma síndrome resultante de uma complexa relação entre múltiplos fatores que não possuem relações e causalidade totalmente compreendidas. Esse artigo traz uma discussão de um modelo teórico hierarquizado dos determinantes do NP, considerando características maternas como os aspectos sociodemográficos, psicossociais, nutricionais, comportamentais e biológicos, tradicionalmente associados ao risco aumentado do NP. As variáveis foram distribuídas em seis dimensões, alocadas em três níveis hierárquicos (distal, intermediário e proximal). Nesse modelo, os determinantes socioeconômicos da mãe, da família, do domicílio e do bairro exercem efeitos indiretos sobre o NP por meio de mediadores no nível intermediário, que, por sua vez, afetam fatores biológicos de risco no nível proximal os quais apresentam um efeito direto sobre o NP. O estudo apresenta um modelo teórico hierarquizado dos fatores envolvidos na cadeia de determinação do NP e suas inter-relações. O entendimento dessas inter-relações é um passo importante na tentativa de interromper a cadeia causal que torna algumas mulheres vulneráveis ao parto prematuro.
Palavras-chave:
Nascimento Prematuro; Fatores de Risco; Determinantes; Modelos teóricos.
Abstract:
Preterm birth (PB) is a syndrome resultinga complex relationship between multiple factors which do not have fully understood relationships and causality. This article discusses a hierarchical theoretical model of PB determinants, considering maternal characteristics such as sociodemographic, psychosocial, nutritional, behavioral and biological aspects, traditionally associated with increased risk of PB. The variables were distributed in six dimensions within three hierarchical levels (distal, intermediate and proximal). In this model, the socioeconomic determinants of the mother, family, household and neighborhood play indirect effects on PB through variables at the intermediate level, which in turn affect biological risk factors at the proximal level that have a direct effect on PB. The study presents a hierarchical theoretical model of the factors involved in the PB determination chain and their interrelationships. Understanding these interrelationships is an important step in trying to break the causal chain that makes some women vulnerable to preterm birth.
DETERMINANTS OF PREMATURE BIRTH: PROPOSAL FOR A HIERARCHICAL THEORETICAL MODEL
Resumo (abstract):
Preterm birth (PB) is a syndrome resultinga complex relationship between multiple factors which do not have fully understood relationships and causality. This article discusses a hierarchical theoretical model of PB determinants, considering maternal characteristics such as sociodemographic, psychosocial, nutritional, behavioral and biological aspects, traditionally associated with increased risk of PB. The variables were distributed in six dimensions within three hierarchical levels (distal, intermediate and proximal). In this model, the socioeconomic determinants of the mother, family, household and neighborhood play indirect effects on PB through variables at the intermediate level, which in turn affect biological risk factors at the proximal level that have a direct effect on PB. The study presents a hierarchical theoretical model of the factors involved in the PB determination chain and their interrelationships. Understanding these interrelationships is an important step in trying to break the causal chain that makes some women vulnerable to preterm birth.
