• Alexis Trott - Trott, A. - Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina - Unoesc - <alexistrott@hotmail.com>
• Marco Aurélio Echart Montano - Montano, M.A.E. - Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina - Unoesc - <echartmontano@gmail.com >
Área Temática:
Saúde Mental
Resumo:
Retardo mental (RM) é uma definição que compreende uma série de condições cuja característica em comum é um déficit intelectual que se desenvolve antes dos 18 anos, afetando 2-3% da população mundial. A classificação do RM em diferentes categorias é determinada pela gravidade do déficit ao invés de sua causa, que com freqüência permanece obscura. O RM pode segregar na família, caracterizando RM familiar, e estes casos permitem um olhar mais aprofundado para as causas genéticas e as conseqüências do problema. Porém, praticamente não existem dados disponíveis sobre a prevalência do RM familiar dentre os casos de RM registrados, possivelmente porque RM familiar é um termo sem definição clara. O presente trabalho objetiva rever o tópico e discutir as implicações de diferentes fatores genéticos e ambientais que caracterizam categorias particulares de casos familiares, sugerindo uma classificação prática para o RM familiar, importante para estudos epidemiológicos e também na clínica, para aconselhamento. Alguns dos aspectos são discutidos na perspectiva de um país emergente, como o Brasil.
Mental retardation (MR) is a definition which comprises a series of conditions whose common feature is an intellectual handicap that develops before the age of 18, afflicting 2-3% of the world’s population. The classification of MR into different categories is determined by the extent of the handicap instead of its cause, which often remains unrecognized. Sometimes, MR runs in a family, characterizing familial MR, and those cases allow a deeper look into the genetic causes and consequences of the problem. However, almost no work is available on the prevalence of familial MR among the registered MR cases, possibly because familial MR is a term with no clear definition. The present work aims to review the topic and discuss the implications of different genetic and environmental factors, which characterize particular categories of familial cases, suggesting a practical classification of familial MR, important for epidemiologic studies and also in the clinic for counseling. Some of the aspects are discussed under the perspective of a newly developed country like Brazil.
Keywords:
Mental Retardation
Public Health
Genetics
Epidemiology
Retardo Mental familiar: revisão e prática classificação
Resumo (abstract):
Mental retardation (MR) is a definition which comprises a series of conditions whose common feature is an intellectual handicap that develops before the age of 18, afflicting 2-3% of the world’s population. The classification of MR into different categories is determined by the extent of the handicap instead of its cause, which often remains unrecognized. Sometimes, MR runs in a family, characterizing familial MR, and those cases allow a deeper look into the genetic causes and consequences of the problem. However, almost no work is available on the prevalence of familial MR among the registered MR cases, possibly because familial MR is a term with no clear definition. The present work aims to review the topic and discuss the implications of different genetic and environmental factors, which characterize particular categories of familial cases, suggesting a practical classification of familial MR, important for epidemiologic studies and also in the clinic for counseling. Some of the aspects are discussed under the perspective of a newly developed country like Brazil.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Mental Retardation
Public Health
Genetics
Epidemiology
Maris, A.F., Barbato, I.T., Trott, A., Montano, M.A.E.. Familial mental retardation: a review and practical classification. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2012/Fev). [Citado em 06/10/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/familial-mental-retardation-a-review-and-practical-classification/9333?id=9333
