0172/2015 - Percepções da população e de profissionais de saúde sobre a leishmaniose visceral Perceptions of the population and health professionals about visceral leishmaniasis
O presente estudo buscou, a partir do referencial teórico metodológico da pesquisa qualitativa, investigar a percepção, sobre a leishmaniose visceral (LV), de atores sociais diretamente envolvidos com a prevenção e controle da doença. A partir da realização de 38 entrevistas semiestruturadas com moradores e grupo focal com 18 agentes de saúde, de município endêmico para LV, foram coletados depoimentos que, tratados pela Análise de Conteúdo, evidenciaram lacunas, desafios e perspectivas do controle e prevenção da doença. A população associava a LV ao cão, reconhecia sua corresponsabilidade no enfrentamento da doença e demandava informação. Os agentes de saúde identificavam o saneamento ambiental como fator imprescindível para prevenção da LV. Entre as lacunas observamos fragilidade nas informações sobre a doença e culpabilização do indivíduo pela não adesão a medidas, sobretudo, de manejo ambiental. Provavelmente, abordagens que destaquem o papel do ambiente como promotor de saúde, em detrimento da prescrição pontual de medidas ambientais específicas contra LV, constitui perspectiva de superação dessas lacunas. Entendemos que o principal desafio para o fortalecimento da prevenção e controle seja a construção participativa e dialógica dessas abordagens entre profissionais de saúde e população.
Palavras-chave:
leishmaniose visceral
prevenção e controle
Abstract:
This study aimed from the theoretical reference and methodology of qualitative research to investigate the perception of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) of social actors directly involved in the prevention and control of disease. From the performing of 38 semi-structured interviews with residents and focus groups with 18 health workers in endemic area for VL, testimonies were collected, processed by content analysis that revealed gaps, challenges and prospects of control and prevention of disease. The population associated the VL to the dog, recognized their co-responsibility in facing the disease and demanded information. Health workers identified the environmental sanitation as an essential factor for VL prevention. Among the shortcomings we observed fragility in information about the disease and culpability of the individual because of the non-adherence measures, especially environmental management. Probably approaches that emphasize the role of environment as a health promoter at the expense of timely prescription of specific environmental measures against VL, constitute the prospect of overcoming these shortcomings. We understand that the main challenge for strengthening the prevention and control could be participatory and dialogical construction of these approaches between the health professionals and population.
Perceptions of the population and health professionals about visceral leishmaniasis
Resumo (abstract):
This study aimed from the theoretical reference and methodology of qualitative research to investigate the perception of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) of social actors directly involved in the prevention and control of disease. From the performing of 38 semi-structured interviews with residents and focus groups with 18 health workers in endemic area for VL, testimonies were collected, processed by content analysis that revealed gaps, challenges and prospects of control and prevention of disease. The population associated the VL to the dog, recognized their co-responsibility in facing the disease and demanded information. Health workers identified the environmental sanitation as an essential factor for VL prevention. Among the shortcomings we observed fragility in information about the disease and culpability of the individual because of the non-adherence measures, especially environmental management. Probably approaches that emphasize the role of environment as a health promoter at the expense of timely prescription of specific environmental measures against VL, constitute the prospect of overcoming these shortcomings. We understand that the main challenge for strengthening the prevention and control could be participatory and dialogical construction of these approaches between the health professionals and population.
Carmo, R.F, Luz ZMP, Bevilacqua, P.D.. Percepções da população e de profissionais de saúde sobre a leishmaniose visceral. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2015/ago). [Citado em 23/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/percepcoes-da-populacao-e-de-profissionais-de-saude-sobre-a-leishmaniose-visceral/15244?id=15244
