0401/2019 - Vigilância Popular Ambiental e Siderurgia: As experiências de Piquiá de Baixo (MA) e Santa Cruz (RJ). Popular Environmental Surveillance and Steel Industry: The experiences of Piquiá de Baixo (MA) and Santa Cruz (RJ)
A vigilância popular ambiental (VPA) promove o protagonismo dos sujeitos em situação de vulnerabilidade ambiental na produção e avaliação de dados sobre a poluição à qual estão submetidos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as experiências de VPA desenvolvidas em duas localidades impactadas por siderúrgicas: Santa Cruz/RJ e Piquiá de Baixo/MA. Nesses locais, foram realizadas atividades de monitoramento ambiental comunitário (MAC) dos níveis de material particulado de 2,5 micrômetros (MP2,5) na atmosfera, entre novembro/2016 e julho/2017, utilizando equipamento monitor de qualidade do ar de baixo custo e fácil operação. As médias mensais dos níveis de MP2,5, em Piquiá e Santa Cruz, foram elevadas, a depender da época avaliada, pois ultrapassaram a média anual recomendada pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), de 10 µg/m3, e, por várias vezes, a média diária recomendada de 25 µg/m3. A ideia principal desta proposta de monitoramento consistiu em estabelecer um processo capaz de apresentar um contraponto às informações oficiais sobre cenários locais de poluição atmosférica, com o engajamento das comunidades atingidas. Os dados de poluição produzidos possibilitam a estas uma atuação mais qualificada nos espaços públicos de debate e tomada de decisão.
Palavras-chave:
Vigilância popular ambiental, monitoramento ambiental comunitário, poluição do ar, material particulado.
Abstract:
Popular environmental surveillance (PES) promotes the protagonism of people under environmental vulnerability situation in producing and evaluating data of the pollution they are exposed to. The aim of this work was to analyze PES experiences developed in two areas impacted by steel industry: Santa Cruz/RJ and Piquiá de Baixo/MA. At these sites, community environmental monitoring (CEM) activities were held to measure 2.5 micrometer particulate matter (PM2.5) levels in the atmosphere, between November/2016 and July/2017. Such activities were carried out using an air quality monitor of low cost and easy operation. Monthly averages of PM2.5 levels in Piquiá and Santa Cruz were high, depending on the evaluated period, since they surpassed the annual average recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) of 10 μg/m3, and, on several occasions, the recommended daily average of 25 μg/m3. The main idea of this monitoring proposal was to establish a process capable of presenting a counterpoint to official information on local atmospheric pollution scenarios, with the engagement of affected communities. The pollution data produced in the PES help these communities to take part in public debates and decision-making processes, in a more qualified way.
Keywords:
Environmental popular surveillance, community environmental monitoring, air pollution, particulate matter.
Popular Environmental Surveillance and Steel Industry: The experiences of Piquiá de Baixo (MA) and Santa Cruz (RJ)
Resumo (abstract):
Popular environmental surveillance (PES) promotes the protagonism of people under environmental vulnerability situation in producing and evaluating data of the pollution they are exposed to. The aim of this work was to analyze PES experiences developed in two areas impacted by steel industry: Santa Cruz/RJ and Piquiá de Baixo/MA. At these sites, community environmental monitoring (CEM) activities were held to measure 2.5 micrometer particulate matter (PM2.5) levels in the atmosphere, between November/2016 and July/2017. Such activities were carried out using an air quality monitor of low cost and easy operation. Monthly averages of PM2.5 levels in Piquiá and Santa Cruz were high, depending on the evaluated period, since they surpassed the annual average recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) of 10 μg/m3, and, on several occasions, the recommended daily average of 25 μg/m3. The main idea of this monitoring proposal was to establish a process capable of presenting a counterpoint to official information on local atmospheric pollution scenarios, with the engagement of affected communities. The pollution data produced in the PES help these communities to take part in public debates and decision-making processes, in a more qualified way.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Environmental popular surveillance, community environmental monitoring, air pollution, particulate matter.
Carvalho, L.V.B, Rocha, F, Finamore, R.. Vigilância Popular Ambiental e Siderurgia: As experiências de Piquiá de Baixo (MA) e Santa Cruz (RJ).. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2019/Dez). [Citado em 06/07/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/vigilancia-popular-ambiental-e-siderurgia-as-experiencias-de-piquia-de-baixo-ma-e-santa-cruz-rj/17475?id=17475
