A novela “A morte de Ivan Ilitch” (1886), Liev Tolstói (1828-1910), fornece-nos valiosos subsídios para pensarmos o significado de doença de longa duração. Fundamentando-se nessa obra literária, o presente artigo analisa as múltiplas dimensões do processo de adoecimento. Parte do princípio de que a doença não é uma totalidade formada a priori, mas um trajeto de associações entre o doente, o médico, a família, os amigos e cuidadores. Agir, ser afetado, pensar e sentir são fenômenos que caminham juntos no desenvolvimento dessas associações. A análise sobre o adoecimento de Ivan Ilitch está dividida nos seguintes itens: (a) a doença como alteridade e incompreensibilidade (estranhamento do corpo e estágios pelos quais o corpo é gradualmente objetificado); (b) a doença como trajetos em um campo de práticas que envolve aquisição de habilidades e uma “educação da atenção”; (c) cuidados à saúde como um conjunto de técnicas, objetos, discursos e práticas que em situações concretas são agregados ou associados ao longo de trajetos que envolvem a busca pela manutenção da saúde. Doença de longa duração é, portanto, uma forma de imersão do doente em redes de relações que passam a fazer parte de sua vida cotidiana.
Palavras-chave:
doença de longa duração, literatura, cuidados à saúde
Abstract:
The short story “The Death of Ivan Ilyich” (1886), Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910) provides key elements for a reflection on the meaning of long term illnesses. Based on Tolstoy’s short story the present paper analyzes the multiple dimensions of the process of illness. It starts with the argument that illness is not an a priori totality, but a trajectory of associations between the sick person, the doctor, family members, friends and caregivers. To act, be affected, think and feel all come together in the development of these associations. The analysis of the Ivan Ilyich’s illness will consider the following points: (a) illness as alterity and incomprehensibility (growing unfamiliarity with one’s body and the stages by which the body is gradually objectified); (b) illness as trajectories in an action field that involves the development of skills and the “education of attention”; (c) modes of health care as a set of techniques, objects and discourses that are put together or associated throughout trajectories concerned with the establishment of health. Long term illness is therefore a mode of immersion of the sick person in networks of relations that come to be a part of her everyday life.
“The Death of Ivan Ilyich” and multiple dimensions of illness.
Resumo (abstract):
The short story “The Death of Ivan Ilyich” (1886), Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910) provides key elements for a reflection on the meaning of long term illnesses. Based on Tolstoy’s short story the present paper analyzes the multiple dimensions of the process of illness. It starts with the argument that illness is not an a priori totality, but a trajectory of associations between the sick person, the doctor, family members, friends and caregivers. To act, be affected, think and feel all come together in the development of these associations. The analysis of the Ivan Ilyich’s illness will consider the following points: (a) illness as alterity and incomprehensibility (growing unfamiliarity with one’s body and the stages by which the body is gradually objectified); (b) illness as trajectories in an action field that involves the development of skills and the “education of attention”; (c) modes of health care as a set of techniques, objects and discourses that are put together or associated throughout trajectories concerned with the establishment of health. Long term illness is therefore a mode of immersion of the sick person in networks of relations that come to be a part of her everyday life.
Alves, PC. “A Morte de Ivan Ilitch” e as múltiplas dimensões da doença.. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2017/set). [Citado em 23/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/a-morte-de-ivan-ilitch-e-as-multiplas-dimensoes-da-doenca/16389?id=16389
