0043/2022 - Os grandes marcos da saúde pública no Império e a vida cotidiana em São Paulo: 1820-1870 Os grandes marcos da saúde pública no Império e a vida cotidiana em São Paulo: 1820-1870
Este artigo pretende focar em três preocupações da saúde pública do século XIX, em São Paulo, para demonstrar que os grandes marcos legislativos ou importantes epidemias do período – tratados como decisivos pela historiografia – tiveram pouca ou nenhuma importância sobre os processos sociais que impulsionaram mudanças longe da capital. As três preocupações paulistanas que serão tratadas são a prisão, o cemitério e o comércio de víveres (que envolvia o mercado, o matadouro e os açougues). Por se tratar de um raciocínio bastante divergente do que hoje se entende como saúde pública, o artigo iniciará com uma discussão a respeito do pensamento sobre salubridade no século XIX e, também, sobre o anacronismo que muitas vezes permeia os estudos a esse respeito. Em seguida, se focará sobre a prisão, que era uma questão de primeira ordem a respeito de saúde pública no século XIX e mais ainda em São Paulo (e possivelmente em todo o Brasil), onde havia um grande trânsito entre o interior das prisões e o espaço urbano. Logo após, será tratada a questão dos cemitérios, que se apresentava também como um tema muito importante de saúde pública, mas que esbarrava no poder eclesiástico e por isso gerava tensão. E, por fim, a questão dos víveres que era, em São Paulo, o item menos consoante com as demandas modernas de saúde.
Palavras-chave:
Marcos historiográficos, Lei das Câmaras, Junta Central de Higiene, Política local de saúde, São Paulo
Abstract:
This article aims at dealing with three public health concerns of the nineteenth century in São Paulo to demonstrate that the major legislative milestones or important epidemics of the period – treated as decisive by historiography – had little or no importance on the social processes that boosted changes in places farthe capital. The three concerns in Sao Paulo that will be addressed are the prison, the cemetery, and the victuals (which involved the stores, the slaughterhouse, and the butchers). Since it is a very divergent reasoningwhat is now understood as public health, the article will start with a discussion about salubrity in the nineteenth century, and the anachronism present in the studies about it. Then, it will focus on the prison, which was a matter of first order regarding public health in the nineteenth century and even more so in São Paulo (and possibly all over Brazil), there was a great traffic between the interior of the prisons and the urban space. Soon after, the issue of cemeteries will be addressed, which also presented itself as a very important theme of public health, which, however, collided with the ecclesiastical power and therefore generated tension. And, finally, the topic of the products that was, in São Paulo, the item less in accordance with the modern health demands.
Keywords:
Historiographic milestones, City council law, Central board of hygiene, Local health policy, Sao Paulo
Os grandes marcos da saúde pública no Império e a vida cotidiana em São Paulo: 1820-1870
Resumo (abstract):
This article aims at dealing with three public health concerns of the nineteenth century in São Paulo to demonstrate that the major legislative milestones or important epidemics of the period – treated as decisive by historiography – had little or no importance on the social processes that boosted changes in places farthe capital. The three concerns in Sao Paulo that will be addressed are the prison, the cemetery, and the victuals (which involved the stores, the slaughterhouse, and the butchers). Since it is a very divergent reasoningwhat is now understood as public health, the article will start with a discussion about salubrity in the nineteenth century, and the anachronism present in the studies about it. Then, it will focus on the prison, which was a matter of first order regarding public health in the nineteenth century and even more so in São Paulo (and possibly all over Brazil), there was a great traffic between the interior of the prisons and the urban space. Soon after, the issue of cemeteries will be addressed, which also presented itself as a very important theme of public health, which, however, collided with the ecclesiastical power and therefore generated tension. And, finally, the topic of the products that was, in São Paulo, the item less in accordance with the modern health demands.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Historiographic milestones, City council law, Central board of hygiene, Local health policy, Sao Paulo
Mantovani, R.. Os grandes marcos da saúde pública no Império e a vida cotidiana em São Paulo: 1820-1870. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2022/abr). [Citado em 23/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/os-grandes-marcos-da-saude-publica-no-imperio-e-a-vida-cotidiana-em-sao-paulo-18201870/18299?id=18299
