• Debora Diniz - Diniz, D. - Universidade de Brasília (UnB) Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil Anis - Instituto de Bioética, Direitos Humanos e Gênero, Programa Pesquisa - <d.diniz@anis.org.br> ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6987-2569
Área Temática:
Saúde e Gênero
Resumo:
Este artigo descreve os resultados de um estudo com métodos mistos nos serviços de aborto legal no país. Foram avaliados 68 serviços, em duas etapas. Na primeira, censitária, um questionário eletrônico com perguntas sobre organização dos serviços de aborto legal foi enviado a todas as instituições. A segunda, amostral e presencial, foi realizada em 5 serviços de referência, um para cada região do país, com aplicação de formulário para coletar dados das mulheres e do aborto nos arquivos de prontuários, além de 82 entrevistas com profissionais de saúde. 37 serviços informaram que realizam aborto legal e, em 7 estados, não havia serviço ativo. Boletim de ocorrência, laudo pericial e alvará judicial foram solicitados por 14%, 8% e 8% dos serviços, respectivamente. As mulheres que abortaram tinham predominantemente entre 15-29 anos, e eram solteiras e católicas. O aborto foi por estupro (94%), até 14 semanas (68%), com emprego da aspiração manual intrauterina (45%). Para os profissionais, as principais dificuldades no funcionamento dos serviços são a pequena disponibilidade de médicos para o aborto e a capacitação escassa da equipe. Os dados mostram que ainda há distanciamento entre a previsão legal e a realidade dos serviços. A implementação de novos serviços e o fortalecimento dos existentes são ações necessárias para a garantia dos direitos reprodutivos das mulheres.
Palavras-chave:
Aborto legal
censo
serviços de saúde
estupro
violência sexual
Abstract:
This paper describes the results of a mixed method study on legal abortion services in Brazil. The data was collected in 68 services in two phases. First, an electronic survey covered the organization and composition of health care teams in all services. Second, a deep and semi-structured questionnaire was conducted among 82 health care professionals in 5 services, and an archival research on medical files of women who aborted in each institution. 37 services offered legal abortion, and a legal abortion facility did not exist in 7 states. Police notification, expert medical record and judicial sentence were documents in force in 14%, 8% and 8% of the services. Women who aborted are mostly among 15-29 years old, single and Catholic. Abortion was mostly performed until 14 weeks (68%), using AMIU (45%) and in case of rape (94%). The interviews indicated the absence of physicians to perform abortion and the scarce training of the health care team as the main challenges to women access legal abortion. The outcomes demonstrate a distance between the legal frame and the reality of the services. New services and the strength of the current services are urgent actions to guarantee the reproductive women’s rights in Brazil.
Keywords:
Legal abortion
census
health services
rape
sexual violence
This paper describes the results of a mixed method study on legal abortion services in Brazil. The data was collected in 68 services in two phases. First, an electronic survey covered the organization and composition of health care teams in all services. Second, a deep and semi-structured questionnaire was conducted among 82 health care professionals in 5 services, and an archival research on medical files of women who aborted in each institution. 37 services offered legal abortion, and a legal abortion facility did not exist in 7 states. Police notification, expert medical record and judicial sentence were documents in force in 14%, 8% and 8% of the services. Women who aborted are mostly among 15-29 years old, single and Catholic. Abortion was mostly performed until 14 weeks (68%), using AMIU (45%) and in case of rape (94%). The interviews indicated the absence of physicians to perform abortion and the scarce training of the health care team as the main challenges to women access legal abortion. The outcomes demonstrate a distance between the legal frame and the reality of the services. New services and the strength of the current services are urgent actions to guarantee the reproductive women’s rights in Brazil.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Legal abortion
census
health services
rape
sexual violence
Madeiro, A. P., Diniz, D.. Serviços de aborto legal no Brasil – um estudo nacional. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2015/ago). [Citado em 23/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/servicos-de-aborto-legal-no-brasil-um-estudo-nacional/15229?id=15229