0088/2018 - Avaliação de cloradores simplificados por difusão para descontaminação da água de poços em assentamento rural na Amazônia. Evaluating simple diffusion chlorinators in wells in a rural settlement in Amazônia.
• Daniel Forsin Buss - Daniel Forsin Buss - Rio de Janeiro, RJ - <dbuss@ioc.fiocruz.br> +
Resumo:
Apesar da região amazônica abrigar a maior reserva de água doce do planeta, a falta de saneamento e de tratamento de água, sobretudo na zona rural, causa problemas ambientais e de saúde. Em assentamentos rurais isolados, o abastecimento geralmente é feito por poços rasos (cacimbões) e a qualidade da água é uma preocupação dos moradores. Nestes casos, as opções de tratamento de água são restritas. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar o uso de cloradores simplificados por difusão como método alternativo de tratamento de água. Foram realizadas análises bacteriológicas de 100 amostras de águas dos poços, antes e após a aplicação dos cloradores, no Assentamento Rural do Rio Pardo, Presidente Figueiredo/AM. As fontes analisadas foram consideradas inadequadas para consumo sem tratamento prévio, e o uso dos cloradores zerou a contaminação por coliformes termotolerantes, na grande maioria dos casos. Além disso, o método teve boa receptividade pelos moradores, por não conferir sabor à água de consumo e por ter relativo baixo custo e fácil manuseio. Discutimos as vantagens e limitações do uso deste método de tratamento para este contexto socioambiental e apresentamos sugestões de melhoria e adaptação para a aplicação desta metodologia em outros assentamentos.
Palavras-chave:
qualidade da água, tratamento de água, cloradores, Amazônia, assentamentos rurais
Abstract:
The Amazon region holds the largest freshwater reserve on the Planet. Nonetheless, the lack of sanitation and proper water treatment, especially in rural areas, have been the cause of environmental and health issues. In rural isolated settlements, communities usually withdraw watershallow wells, and water quality is a common concern. In those settlements, there are fewer options for water treatment. This study aimed to assess the use of “simple diffusion chlorinators” as an alternative method for water treatment. One hundred samples were takenshallow wells, before and after the installation of the chlorinators, in the Rio Pardo rural settlement, in Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil. The waterthe wells was inadequate for human consumption before the treatment, with high contamination levels by termotolerant coliforms. In most cases, chlorinators reduced contamination to zero. Also, they were widely accepted by the dwellers because it did not alter taste to consumed water and was considered of low-cost and an easy maintenance. We discuss the advantages and limitations of the use of simple chlorinators for this socio-environmental context, and we present a list of improvements and adaptations, so this method can be better used in other rural settlements.
Keywords:
Water quality, water purification, chlorinator, Amazon, rural settlement
Evaluating simple diffusion chlorinators in wells in a rural settlement in Amazônia.
Resumo (abstract):
The Amazon region holds the largest freshwater reserve on the Planet. Nonetheless, the lack of sanitation and proper water treatment, especially in rural areas, have been the cause of environmental and health issues. In rural isolated settlements, communities usually withdraw watershallow wells, and water quality is a common concern. In those settlements, there are fewer options for water treatment. This study aimed to assess the use of “simple diffusion chlorinators” as an alternative method for water treatment. One hundred samples were takenshallow wells, before and after the installation of the chlorinators, in the Rio Pardo rural settlement, in Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil. The waterthe wells was inadequate for human consumption before the treatment, with high contamination levels by termotolerant coliforms. In most cases, chlorinators reduced contamination to zero. Also, they were widely accepted by the dwellers because it did not alter taste to consumed water and was considered of low-cost and an easy maintenance. We discuss the advantages and limitations of the use of simple chlorinators for this socio-environmental context, and we present a list of improvements and adaptations, so this method can be better used in other rural settlements.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Water quality, water purification, chlorinator, Amazon, rural settlement
Ferreira, DC, Luz, SLB, Daniel Forsin Buss. Avaliação de cloradores simplificados por difusão para descontaminação da água de poços em assentamento rural na Amazônia.. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2018/fev). [Citado em 24/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/avaliacao-de-cloradores-simplificados-por-difusao-para-descontaminacao-da-agua-de-pocos-em-assentamento-rural-na-amazonia/16621?id=16621&id=16621
