0021/2024 - Democracia, Cidadania e Saúde no Brasil: desafios para o fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS Democracy, Citizenship and Health in Brazil: challenges to strengthening the Unified Health System - SUS
As relações entre democracia, cidadania e saúde permearam a conformação e a trajetória do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) nas últimas quatro décadas. Em que pesem dificuldades estruturais, conflitos entre projetos e diferenças entre momentos, até 2016 observou-se o fortalecimento da democracia e a expansão de direitos sociais. O SUS permitiu avanços no acesso e melhorias nas condições de saúde. Entre 2016 e 2022, os retrocessos nas políticas econômicas, sociais e de saúde foram expressivos. A situação foi agravada pela crise multidimensional associada à pandemia de COVID-19 a partir de 2020. A atuação do SUS, de universidades e de instituições científicas públicas foi fundamental para o enfrentamento da crise. A partir de 2023, os desafios de retomada de um projeto nacional democrático e voltado ao bem-estar social são imensos. O fortalecimento do SUS depende do caráter das políticas sociais e da democracia, e de transformações nas relações Estado-mercados-sociedade, para superar limites que persistiram mesmo durante governos progressistas. O SUS, como política universal ancorada em uma concepção ampla de saúde e em valores democráticos, é um pilar fundamental para a consolidação de um padrão de desenvolvimento orientado para a redução das desigualdades e a construção de uma sociedade mais justa.
Palavras-chave:
Democracia, Cidadania, Saúde, Política de Saúde, Sistema de Saúde
Abstract:
The relationship between democracy, citizenship and health has shaped the Unified Health System (SUS) over the last four decades. Despite structural difficulties, conflicts between projects, and differences between moments, until 2016 there was a strengthening of democracy and the expansion of social rights. The SUS has enabled advances in access and improvements in health conditions. Between 2016 and 2022, there were significant setbacks in economic, social, and health policies. The situation has been aggravated by the multidimensional crisis associated with the COVID-19 pandemic since 2020. The work of the SUS, universities and public scientific institutions has been fundamental in tackling the crisis. From 2023 onwards, the challenges of resuming a democratic national project focused on social welfare are immense. Strengthening the SUS depends on the character of social policies and democracy, and on transformations in state-market-society relations, to overcome limits that have persisted even during progressive governments. The SUS, as a universal policy rooted in a broad concept of health and democratic values, is a fundamental pillar for consolidating a pattern of development aimed at reducing inequalities and building a more just society.
Keywords:
Democracy, Citizenship, Health, Health Policy, Health System
Democracy, Citizenship and Health in Brazil: challenges to strengthening the Unified Health System - SUS
Resumo (abstract):
The relationship between democracy, citizenship and health has shaped the Unified Health System (SUS) over the last four decades. Despite structural difficulties, conflicts between projects, and differences between moments, until 2016 there was a strengthening of democracy and the expansion of social rights. The SUS has enabled advances in access and improvements in health conditions. Between 2016 and 2022, there were significant setbacks in economic, social, and health policies. The situation has been aggravated by the multidimensional crisis associated with the COVID-19 pandemic since 2020. The work of the SUS, universities and public scientific institutions has been fundamental in tackling the crisis. From 2023 onwards, the challenges of resuming a democratic national project focused on social welfare are immense. Strengthening the SUS depends on the character of social policies and democracy, and on transformations in state-market-society relations, to overcome limits that have persisted even during progressive governments. The SUS, as a universal policy rooted in a broad concept of health and democratic values, is a fundamental pillar for consolidating a pattern of development aimed at reducing inequalities and building a more just society.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Democracy, Citizenship, Health, Health Policy, Health System
Machado, C. V.. Democracia, Cidadania e Saúde no Brasil: desafios para o fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2024/Fev). [Citado em 05/10/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/democracia-cidadania-e-saude-no-brasil-desafios-para-o-fortalecimento-do-sistema-unico-de-saude-sus/19069?id=19069&id=19069
