0071/2020 - Entre normas socioculturais e dietéticas: O almoço para nutricionistas e mulheres leigas brasileiras, espanholas e francesas Between sociocultural and dietary norms: The lunch for Brazilian, Spanish and French dieticians and laywomen
Nas últimas décadas, a racionalidade científica nutricional consolidou-se, intensificando uma difusão de normas dietéticas que ditam o que e como comer para garantir uma boa saúde. Observa-se a ascensão de uma articulação entre normas dietéticas e normas socioculturais. Este estudo busca compreender esta articulação através da análise de discursos de nutricionistas e de mulheres leigas brasileiras, espanholas e francesas. Para tanto, analisou-se as normas socioculturais e dietéticas do almoço.Uma metodologia comparativa sincrônica e qualitativa, baseada em 131 entrevistasindividuais semi-estruturadas, foi utilizada. Os discursos das informantes foram confrontados com as mensagens nutricionais de saúde pública de cada país. As análises revelaram que cada nacionalidade possui códigos particulares que definem as modalidades de refeição, tanto do ponto de vista sociocultural como dietético. A definição de refeição “saudável” depende de fatores que vão do nutricional e fisiológico às dimensões sociais, culturais e simbólicas vinculadas a cada modelo alimentar, determinando rituais, temporalidades, usos e a classificação dos alimentos. Assim sendo, as normas que definem o que é percebido como saudável resultam também de sistemas normativos socioculturais.
During the last decades, the scientific nutritional rationality has been consolidated, intensifying a diffusion of dietary norms that dictate what and how to eat to guarantee a good health. There is a rise of an articulation between dietary norms and sociocultural norms. This study seeks to understand this articulation through the analysis of discourses of Brazilian, Spanish and French dieticians and lay women. For this purpose, we analyzed the sociocultural and dietary norms related to the lunch.A comparative and qualitative methodology based on 131 semi-structured individual interviews was used. The discourses of the informants were confronted with the nutritional public health messages of each country. The analyzes revealed that each nationality has particular codes that define the modalities of meal,the sociocultural and dietary point of view. The definition of a “healthy” meal depends on factors rangingthe nutritional and physiological to the social, cultural and symbolic dimensions linked to each eating model, determining the rituals, temporalities, uses and classification of foods. Therefore, the norms that define what is perceived as healthy result equallysociocultural normative systems.
Keywords:
social norm, dietary norm, meals, healthy eating, qualitative research
Between sociocultural and dietary norms: The lunch for Brazilian, Spanish and French dieticians and laywomen
Resumo (abstract):
During the last decades, the scientific nutritional rationality has been consolidated, intensifying a diffusion of dietary norms that dictate what and how to eat to guarantee a good health. There is a rise of an articulation between dietary norms and sociocultural norms. This study seeks to understand this articulation through the analysis of discourses of Brazilian, Spanish and French dieticians and lay women. For this purpose, we analyzed the sociocultural and dietary norms related to the lunch.A comparative and qualitative methodology based on 131 semi-structured individual interviews was used. The discourses of the informants were confronted with the nutritional public health messages of each country. The analyzes revealed that each nationality has particular codes that define the modalities of meal,the sociocultural and dietary point of view. The definition of a “healthy” meal depends on factors rangingthe nutritional and physiological to the social, cultural and symbolic dimensions linked to each eating model, determining the rituals, temporalities, uses and classification of foods. Therefore, the norms that define what is perceived as healthy result equallysociocultural normative systems.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
social norm, dietary norm, meals, healthy eating, qualitative research
Gaspar, M.C.M.P. Entre normas socioculturais e dietéticas: O almoço para nutricionistas e mulheres leigas brasileiras, espanholas e francesas. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2020/abr). [Citado em ].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/entre-normas-socioculturais-e-dieteticas-o-almoco-para-nutricionistas-e-mulheres-leigas-brasileiras-espanholas-e-francesas/17553?id=17553
