0386/2024 - Gastos governamentais com antirretrovirais no Brasil e seus principais determinantes Government spending on antiretrovirals in Brazil and its main determinants
A construção de políticas públicas para a prevenção e tratamento do HIV/Aids no Brasil é uma história de luta que une sanitaristas, pesquisadores e ativistas desde os anos 1980. Parte importante desse caminho está ligado à produção e distribuição de medicamentos antirretrovirais (ARV), iniciativas de redução do preço dos ARV e mobilizações da sociedade civil pela garantia de direitos, que contribuíram para criar um dos programas mais bem-sucedidos de combate à doença no mundo. Com base nesse histórico, este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar os gastos governamentais na aquisição de ARV selecionados no período entre 2005 e 2020, fazendo uma comparação com preços internacionais, à luz dos determinantes relacionados às disputas patentárias, ao licenciamento voluntário, às PDP e às iniciativas para redução de preços de ARV. Entre outros resultados, foi possível observar que não houve uma relação imediata entre o fim da concessão patentária e a redução de preços. Depósitos de outros pedidos de patente e a inexistência de concorrentes registrados nacionalmente, mesmo após a expiração da patente, podem ser fatores significativos para a manutenção de altos preços.
Palavras-chave:
Antirretrovirais, HIV, Preço de Medicamento, Propriedade Intelectual de Produtos e Processos Farmacêuticos.
Abstract:
The construction of public policies for the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS in Brazil is a history of struggle that unites sanitarians, researchers and activists since the 1980s. An important part of this path is linked to the production and distribution of antiretroviral drugs (ARV), initiatives to reduce the price of ARV and civil society mobilizations for the guarantee of rights, which contributed to create one of the most successful programs to combat the disease in the country. world. Based on this history, this study aimed to analyze government spending on the acquisition of ed ARVs in the period between 2005 and 2020, making a comparison with international prices, in the light of determinants related to patent disputes, voluntary licensing, PDP and ARV price reduction initiatives. Among other results, it was possible to observe that there was no immediate relationship between the end of the patent concession and the reduction of prices. Filings of other patent applications and the lack of nationally registered competitors, even after patent expiration, can be significant factors in maintaining high prices.
Keywords:
Anti-Retroviral Agents, HIV, Drug Price, Intellectual Property of Pharmaceutic Products and Process.
Government spending on antiretrovirals in Brazil and its main determinants
Resumo (abstract):
The construction of public policies for the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS in Brazil is a history of struggle that unites sanitarians, researchers and activists since the 1980s. An important part of this path is linked to the production and distribution of antiretroviral drugs (ARV), initiatives to reduce the price of ARV and civil society mobilizations for the guarantee of rights, which contributed to create one of the most successful programs to combat the disease in the country. world. Based on this history, this study aimed to analyze government spending on the acquisition of ed ARVs in the period between 2005 and 2020, making a comparison with international prices, in the light of determinants related to patent disputes, voluntary licensing, PDP and ARV price reduction initiatives. Among other results, it was possible to observe that there was no immediate relationship between the end of the patent concession and the reduction of prices. Filings of other patent applications and the lack of nationally registered competitors, even after patent expiration, can be significant factors in maintaining high prices.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Anti-Retroviral Agents, HIV, Drug Price, Intellectual Property of Pharmaceutic Products and Process.
Zucoloto, G.F, Scopel, CT, Villardi, P., Fonseca, C.B, van der Ploeg, S.R.C., Szigethy, L.. Gastos governamentais com antirretrovirais no Brasil e seus principais determinantes. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2024/nov). [Citado em 10/05/2026].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/gastos-governamentais-com-antirretrovirais-no-brasil-e-seus-principais-determinantes/19434?id=19434&id=19434
