0249/2024 - Geografías de la mortalidad por COVID-19 en Argentina: desigualdades sociales y urbano-rurales en diferentes olas de propagación Geographies of mortality from COVID-19 in Argentina: social and urban-rural inequalities in different waves of spread
Analizamos las desigualdades socioespaciales y urbano-rurales de la mortalidad por COVID-19 entre cuatro olas de propagación en Argentina, durante 2020-2022. Se utilizó un diseño de estudio ecológico retrospectivo considerando la población residente en Argentina, y analizando dos poblaciones: hasta 59 años y 60+ años. Las unidades espaciales fueron los departamentos. Se estimaron modelos jerárquicos bayesianos para analizar la asociación entre el riesgo de mortalidad y el porcentaje de hogares con necesidades básicas insatisfechas (NBI) y la densidad poblacional. El porcentaje de hogares con NBI sólo se asoció inversamente con el riesgo de mortalidad por COVID-19 durante la segunda ola y en población de 60+ años (RR = 0,82, IC: 0,72-0,93). Valores altos de densidad poblacional se asociaron con altos riesgos de mortalidad sólo en la primera ola (0-59 años: RR = 2,57, IC: 1,81-3,67; 60+ años: RR = 2,70, IC: 2,01-3,64), afectando principalmente al Gran Buenos Aires. Algunas distribuciones geográficas lineales de la mortalidad sugieren la difusión del SARS-CoV-2 a través de rutas nacionales del centro del país. Nuestros hallazgos no muestran evidencia de una distribución desigual de la mortalidad hacia las regiones más relegadas socioeconómicamente de Argentina.
Palavras-chave:
SARS-CoV-2, Regresión Espacial, Población Rural, Áreas urbanas, Mortalidad.
Abstract:
We analyzed the socio-spatial and urban-rural inequalities of COVID-19 mortality between four waves of spread in Argentina, during 2020-2022. A retrospective ecological study design was used considering the population residing in Argentina, and analyzing two populations: up to 59 years and 60+ years. The spatial units were the departments. Bayesian hierarchical models were estimated to analyze the association between mortality risk and the percentage of households with unmet basic needs (UBN) and population density. There were different geographies of COVID-19 mortality among the four waves. The percentage of households with UBN was only inversely associated with the risk of mortality from COVID-19 during the second wave and in the 60+ year-old population (RR = 0.82, CI: 0.72-0.93). High values of population density were associated with high mortality risks only in the first wave (0-59 years: RR = 2.57, CI: 1.81-3.67; 60+ years: RR = 2.70, CI: 2.01-3.64), mainly affecting Greater Buenos Aires. Some linear geographic distributions of mortality suggest the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through national routes in the central region of the country. Our findings do not show evidence of an unequal distribution of mortality towards the most socioeconomically relegated regions of Argentina.
Geographies of mortality from COVID-19 in Argentina: social and urban-rural inequalities in different waves of spread
Resumo (abstract):
We analyzed the socio-spatial and urban-rural inequalities of COVID-19 mortality between four waves of spread in Argentina, during 2020-2022. A retrospective ecological study design was used considering the population residing in Argentina, and analyzing two populations: up to 59 years and 60+ years. The spatial units were the departments. Bayesian hierarchical models were estimated to analyze the association between mortality risk and the percentage of households with unmet basic needs (UBN) and population density. There were different geographies of COVID-19 mortality among the four waves. The percentage of households with UBN was only inversely associated with the risk of mortality from COVID-19 during the second wave and in the 60+ year-old population (RR = 0.82, CI: 0.72-0.93). High values of population density were associated with high mortality risks only in the first wave (0-59 years: RR = 2.57, CI: 1.81-3.67; 60+ years: RR = 2.70, CI: 2.01-3.64), mainly affecting Greater Buenos Aires. Some linear geographic distributions of mortality suggest the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through national routes in the central region of the country. Our findings do not show evidence of an unequal distribution of mortality towards the most socioeconomically relegated regions of Argentina.
Leveau, C.M., Velázquez, GA. Geografías de la mortalidad por COVID-19 en Argentina: desigualdades sociales y urbano-rurales en diferentes olas de propagación. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2024/jun). [Citado em 05/12/2025].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/geografias-de-la-mortalidad-por-covid19-en-argentina-desigualdades-sociales-y-urbanorurales-en-diferentes-olas-de-propagacion/19297
