0196/2018 - O Welfare State Resiste? Desenvolvimentos recentes do estado social nos países da OCDE. Is the Welfare State resisting? Recent developments of the social state in OECD countries.
Neste artigo buscamos analisar alguns dos principais indicadores da evolução do estado de bem-estar social em países da OCDE entre 1980 e 2016. Em particular, buscamos avaliar se a crise iniciada em 2007-2008 teria implicado em contração do estado social. Nossa análise se desdobra no estudo do comportamento de três dimensões: o gasto social, seu financiamento tributário e sua efetividade. Nossa investigação revela que o século XXI tem sido um período de expansão, com gastos crescentes e catch up de países retardatários. Em particular, todas as grandes áreas de política social sofreram aumentos, ao lado de apostas ainda incipientes em políticas sociais “ativas”. O gasto social tem sido financiado por um esforço tributário crescente, não de todo indiferente à progressividade, e tem se traduzido em crescente esforço de redistribuição. Contudo, desigualdades e pobreza avançam em ritmo superior.
Palavras-chave:
Estado do Bem-Estar Social; Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico; Desigualdade; Tributação; Pobreza.
Abstract:
In this paper we analyze some of the main indicators of the evolution of the welfare state in OECD countries between 1980 and 2016. In particular, we set out to assess whether the so-called Great Recession starting in 2008 led to a retrenchment of the social state. Our analysis focus on three dimensions: social expenditure, funding, and effectiveness. It concludes that the 21st century has been a period of expansion, both in terms of social expenditure and catch-up of the latecomers. In particular, all traditional areas of social policy have expanded, in parallel with a slight increase in “active” social policies. The rise in social expenditure has been financed by an increasing taxation not thoroughly alien to progressivity principles. Overall, it has been translated into an increased redistribution effort. However, market inequalities have outpaced redistribution.
Keywords:
Welfare State; Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development; Inequality; Taxation; Poverty.
Is the Welfare State resisting? Recent developments of the social state in OECD countries.
Resumo (abstract):
In this paper we analyze some of the main indicators of the evolution of the welfare state in OECD countries between 1980 and 2016. In particular, we set out to assess whether the so-called Great Recession starting in 2008 led to a retrenchment of the social state. Our analysis focus on three dimensions: social expenditure, funding, and effectiveness. It concludes that the 21st century has been a period of expansion, both in terms of social expenditure and catch-up of the latecomers. In particular, all traditional areas of social policy have expanded, in parallel with a slight increase in “active” social policies. The rise in social expenditure has been financed by an increasing taxation not thoroughly alien to progressivity principles. Overall, it has been translated into an increased redistribution effort. However, market inequalities have outpaced redistribution.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Welfare State; Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development; Inequality; Taxation; Poverty.
Kerstenetzky, CL, Guedes, GP. O Welfare State Resiste? Desenvolvimentos recentes do estado social nos países da OCDE.. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2018/Abr). [Citado em 08/11/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/o-welfare-state-resiste-desenvolvimentos-recentes-do-estado-social-nos-paises-da-ocde/16729?id=16729&id=16729
