0103/2025 - Resistência bacteriana em efluentes latino-americanos tratados: uma revisão sistemática Bacterial resistance in Latin American treated effluents: a systematic review
Objetivo: investigar o perfil de resistência de bactérias isoladas a partir de efluentes tratados em estações de tratamento de esgoto latino-americanos. Métodos: esta revisão sistemática de literatura foi desenvolvida seguindo as diretrizes PRISMA. A busca foi realizada no MEDLINE/PubMed e conduzida pela estratégia PICO. Os trabalhos de corte transversal analítico incluídos foram filtrados a partir dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão e da avaliação do risco de viés, utilizando protocolo do Joanna Briggs Institute. Os resultados foram tabulados durante a extração e análise de dados. Resultados: Encontrou-se 636 artigos, dos quais 20 artigos foram elegíveis. Os estudos demonstraram alta frequência de bactérias resistentes a antimicrobianos, sendo a maioria bastonetes Gram-negativos, em amostras de estações de tratamento. Os artigos evidenciaram a identificação de cepas coresistentes ao cloro/metais pesados e antimicrobianos. Os genes resistentes a antimicrobianos mais encontrados tiveram associação com ?-lactâmicos: blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV e blaKPC. Conclusão: as estações podem contribuir para a difusão de bactérias e genes de resistência. Assim é preciso desenvolver métodos novos de tratamento e ação conjunta governamental para efetivar esse combate.
Palavras-chave:
Poluição da Água; Genes MDR; Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos; Países Emergentes; Saúde Única.
Abstract:
Objective: To investigate the resistance profile of bacteria isolatedeffluents treated in Latin American wastewater treatment plants. Methods: This systematic literature review was developed following PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed using the PICO strategy. The included cross-sectional analytical studies were filtered according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and bias risk was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute protocol. The results were tabulated during data extraction and analysis. Results: A total of 636 articles were identified, 20 of which were eligible. The studies reported a high frequency of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, mainly Gram-negative rods, in samplestreatment plants. The articles also noted the identification of strains co-resistant to chlorine/heavy metals and antimicrobials. The most commonly detected antimicrobial resistance genes were associated with β-lactams: blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV e blaKPC. Conclusion: Wastewater treatment plants may contribute to the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes. Therefore, new treatment methods and joint governmental efforts are necessary to effectively tackle this issue.
Keywords:
Water Pollution; Genes, MDR; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Developing Countries; One Health.
Bacterial resistance in Latin American treated effluents: a systematic review
Resumo (abstract):
Objective: To investigate the resistance profile of bacteria isolatedeffluents treated in Latin American wastewater treatment plants. Methods: This systematic literature review was developed following PRISMA guidelines. The search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed using the PICO strategy. The included cross-sectional analytical studies were filtered according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and bias risk was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute protocol. The results were tabulated during data extraction and analysis. Results: A total of 636 articles were identified, 20 of which were eligible. The studies reported a high frequency of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, mainly Gram-negative rods, in samplestreatment plants. The articles also noted the identification of strains co-resistant to chlorine/heavy metals and antimicrobials. The most commonly detected antimicrobial resistance genes were associated with β-lactams: blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV e blaKPC. Conclusion: Wastewater treatment plants may contribute to the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and antimicrobial resistance genes. Therefore, new treatment methods and joint governmental efforts are necessary to effectively tackle this issue.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Water Pollution; Genes, MDR; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Developing Countries; One Health.
