0258/2015 - Critérios Sociais e Éticos de Priorização de Pacientes: Uma Pesquisa a Estudantes e Profissionais de Saúde em Portugal Social and Ethical Criteria for Prioritizing Patients: A Survey of Students and Health Professionals in Portugal
Este estudo quali-quantitativo explora o dilema ético da microalocação dos recursos da saúde. Objetiva identificar: (i) e comparar a opinião de dois grupos da sociedade portuguesa - estudantes e profissionais de saúde sobre a importância das características pessoais dos pacientes no momento de os priorizar e (ii) se as escolhas se explicam por referenciais bioéticos de caráter utilitaristas ou deontológicos. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário aplicado a uma amostra de 180 estudantes e 60 profissionais de saúde. Os respondentes perante hipotéticos cenários de emergência clínica tiveram de escolher de entre dois pacientes (distinguidos por idade, sexo, responsabilidade social, situação económica e laboral, comportamentos lesivos da saúde e registo criminal) quem tratar e justificar a escolha. Foram usados testes estatísticos de associação para comparar as respostas dos dois grupos e análise de conteúdo para categorizar as justificações. Os resultados sugerem a: (i) existência de diferenças nas escolhas dos dois grupos, com os profissionais de saúde a revelarem aceitar menos a utilização de critérios sociais em contexto de escassez e (ii) coexistência de critérios utilitaristas e deontológicos, com predomínio da eficiência por parte dos profissionais de saúde e da equidade por parte dos estudantes.
Palavras-chave:
Seleção de pacientes
utilitarismo
equidade
critérios éticos
Abstract:
This quali-quantitative study explores the ethical dilemma of microallocation of health resources. Aims to identify: (i) and compare the opinion of two groups of the Portuguese society – people in general and health professionals, about which personal characteristics of patients they would value most if they had to prioritize them and (ii) if the choices are explained by bioethical references of utilitarian or deontological. Data were collected through a questionnaire administered to a sample of 180 students and 60 health professionals. Respondents before hypothetical emergency scenarios had to choose from two patients (distinguished by: age, gender, social responsibility, economic and employment situation, harmful health behaviors and criminal record) who to treat and justify the choice. The results suggest: (i) the existence of differences in choices between both groups, with health professionals reveling to accept less the use of social criteria in context of scarcity and (ii) co-existence of utilitarians and deontological criteria with a predominance of efficiency on the part of health professionals and equity by students.
Social and Ethical Criteria for Prioritizing Patients: A Survey of Students and Health Professionals in Portugal
Resumo (abstract):
This quali-quantitative study explores the ethical dilemma of microallocation of health resources. Aims to identify: (i) and compare the opinion of two groups of the Portuguese society – people in general and health professionals, about which personal characteristics of patients they would value most if they had to prioritize them and (ii) if the choices are explained by bioethical references of utilitarian or deontological. Data were collected through a questionnaire administered to a sample of 180 students and 60 health professionals. Respondents before hypothetical emergency scenarios had to choose from two patients (distinguished by: age, gender, social responsibility, economic and employment situation, harmful health behaviors and criminal record) who to treat and justify the choice. The results suggest: (i) the existence of differences in choices between both groups, with health professionals reveling to accept less the use of social criteria in context of scarcity and (ii) co-existence of utilitarians and deontological criteria with a predominance of efficiency on the part of health professionals and equity by students.
Pinho, Micaela. Critérios Sociais e Éticos de Priorização de Pacientes: Uma Pesquisa a Estudantes e Profissionais de Saúde em Portugal. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2015/Set). [Citado em 28/09/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/criterios-sociais-e-eticos-de-priorizacao-de-pacientes-uma-pesquisa-a-estudantes-e-profissionais-de-saude-em-portugal/15331
