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0276/2025 - Judicial Access to Medicines for Rare Diseases: Characteristics of Lawsuits Against the Federal Government
Acesso judicial a medicamentos para doenças raras: características das demandas contra a União Federal

Author:

• Vera Lúcia Edais Pepe - Pepe, VLE - <verapepe01@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0606-1544

Co-author(s):

• Michelly Ribeiro Baptista - Baptista, MR - <michellyribeirobaptista@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0314-3797
• Miriam Ventura - Ventura, M - <miriam.ventura@iesc.ufrj.br>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8520-8844
• Marina Fajardo V. M. Pompílio da Hora - Hora, MFVP - <fajardo.marina@hotmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9907-0619
• Nathália Rodrigues Alvarez - Alvarez, NR - <nathaliaalvarez97@hotmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8702-8441
• Gabriela Suarez Pinto - Pinto, GS - <gabrielasuarezpinto@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9587-316X
• Raulino Sabino da Silva - Silva, RS - <rau.sabino@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4027-2743
• Thaís Jeronimo Vidal - Vidal, TJ - <thaisjvidal@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6663-6189


Abstract:

Rare diseases are an important cause of infant mortality, yet their care presents many challenges. Judicial demands have enabled access to medicines, but there are concerns about interference in health policy and safety. The research analyzed 912 lawsuits involving 23 medicines for 18 rare diseases between 2008 and 2022. Most plaintiffs were women and children aged 0 to 5 years, residing in São Paulo and Minas Gerais. Legal aid was commonly granted, and 36 deaths were reported. The demands originated from the Federal District, with limited use of alternative resolution methods. Private attorneys and prescriptions from private practices predominated. The decisions were predominantly favorable to the plaintiffs, but only 4.2% of the actions indicated the inclusion of claimants in the SUS (Unified Health System). Despite Brazil’s high rate of health litigation, some medicines involved lacked strong evidence of efficacy and safety. Monitoring drug use in this context is crucial to inform future decisions. It is essential to develop innovative policies and coordination among different sectors to ensure effective and comprehensive care for individuals with rare diseases.

Keywords:

Rare diseases, Health's Judicialization, Medicines, Unified Health System, Right to Health

Content:

Access Issue in Scielo

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How to

Cite

Pepe, VLE, Baptista, MR, Ventura, M, Hora, MFVP, Alvarez, NR, Pinto, GS, Silva, RS, Vidal, TJ. Judicial Access to Medicines for Rare Diseases: Characteristics of Lawsuits Against the Federal Government. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2025/Aug). [Citado em 28/01/2026]. Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/en/articles/judicial-access-to-medicines-for-rare-diseases-characteristics-of-lawsuits-against-the-federal-government/19752



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