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0291/2025 - Prevalence of antigens and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in people deprived of liberty
Prevalência de antígenos e anticorpos contra SARS-CoV-2 em pessoas privadas de liberdade

Author:

• Liana Osório Fernandes - Fernandes, LO - <lianaosorio25@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-4733

Co-author(s):

• José Claudio Garcia Lira Neto - Neto, JCGL - <jclira@live.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2777-1406
• Marcela Helena Gambim Fonseca - Fonseca, MHG - <marcela.gambim@fiocruz.br>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3710-4060
• Jardeliny Corrêa da Penha - Penha, JC - <jardelinypenha@yahoo.com.br>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5956-9072
• Alberto Pereira Madeiro - Madeiro, AP - <madeiro@uol.com.br>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5258-5982
• Malvina Thais Pacheco Rodrigues - Rodrigues, MTP - <malvina@ufpi.edu.br>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-0669
• Ariel de Sousa Melo - Melo, AS - <ariel.melo26@gmail>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5846-3719
• Márcio Dênis Medeiros Mascarenhas - Mascarenhas, MDM - <mdm.mascarenhas@gmail.com>
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-2763


Abstract:

Aiming to estimate the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antigens and antibodies among incarcerated individuals, an institution-based serological survey was conducted in seven prison units across four municipalities in the state of Piauí, Brazil, from April to October 2022. A probabilistic cluster sampling method was adopted. Interviews, rapid tests, and serological assays were performed to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antigens and antibodies. Prevalence rates, statistical associations using the chi-square test, and prevalence ratios through Poisson regression were calculated. Among the 848 participants, antigen prevalence was 1.1%. The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies ranged from 6.5% (IgM-S) to 98.9% (IgG-S). No significant differences were observed in antigen prevalence. The prevalence of IgG-N and IgG-S antibodies was higher among inmates in Teresina (PR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.08–1.46; PR=1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.05). Receiving at least two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine increased antibody seropositivity (IgM-S PR=2.08; 95% CI: 1.01–4.29; IgG-N PR=1.26; 95% CI: 1.08–1.46; IgG-S PR=1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.04). These findings reinforce the positive impact of vaccination and other control measures implemented in the incarcerated population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords:

COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2. Prisoners. Epidemiological Surveys. Prevalence.

Content:

Prevalence of antigens and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in people deprived of liberty


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How to

Cite

Fernandes, LO, Neto, JCGL, Fonseca, MHG, Penha, JC, Madeiro, AP, Rodrigues, MTP, Melo, AS, Mascarenhas, MDM. Prevalence of antigens and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in people deprived of liberty. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2025/Aug). [Citado em 05/12/2025]. Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/en/articles/prevalence-of-antigens-and-antibodies-against-sarscov2-in-people-deprived-of-liberty/19767



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