0356/2019 - Cargas de trabalho de enfermeiros: Luzes e sombras na estratégia saúde da família. Nurses workload: Lights and shadows in the family health strategy.
Estudo multicêntrico, de abordagem qualitativa, que buscou identificar os elementos que podem aumentar ou reduzir as cargas de trabalho do enfermeiro da Saúde da Família. Foram abordados 40 enfermeiros, de 36 equipes, das cinco Regiões do Brasil, consideradas exitosas, segundo o prescrito na Política Nacional da Atenção Básica e com boa avaliação no Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica. A coleta de dados foi realizada pela triangulação de instrumentos, utilizando-se entrevista semiestruturada, observação e estudo documental, de 2013 a setembro de 2016. Os achados foram analisados com base na Análise Temática de Conteúdo e categorizados com auxílio do software Atlas.ti. Identificou-se que os elementos que mais influenciam o aumento das cargas são a precariedade e déficits no ambiente de trabalho, materiais e equipamentos, somados ao déficit numérico da força de trabalho e ao excesso de demanda assistencial. Entretanto, o trabalho em equipe, reconhecimento pelo trabalho realizado, vínculo com usuários e bom relacionamento interpessoal contribuem para diminuir as cargas. Ressalta-se a dialética presente nos elementos do processo de trabalho com influência de condições objetivas, do momento e da forma como se manifestam.
Palavras-chave:
Enfermeiros. Condições de Trabalho. Trabalho. Atenção Primária à Saúde. Estratégia Saúde da Família.
Abstract:
A multicenter study with a qualitative approach, whitch sought to identify the elements that can increase or reduce the workloads of the Family Health nurse. Forty nurses,36 Family Health Teamsthe five Regions of Brazil were considered successful, according to the National Primary Care Policy and with good evaluation in the National Program for Access and Quality Improvement of Primary Care. Data collection was performed by instrument triangulation, using semi-structured interviews, observation and documentary study,2013 to September 2016. The findings passed through the Thematic Content Analysis and categorization in the Atlas.ti software. It was found that the elements that most influence the increase in workloads are the precariousness of the work environment and the lack of resources added to the numerical deficit of the workforce and the excessive demand for care. However, teamwork, recognition for work done, bonding with users, and good interpersonal relationships all contribute to reducing the burden. We highlight the dialectic present in the elements of the work process influenced by objective conditions, the moment and the way they manifest themselves.
Keywords:
Nurses. Work conditions. Job. Primary Health Care. Family Health Strategy.
Nurses workload: Lights and shadows in the family health strategy.
Resumo (abstract):
A multicenter study with a qualitative approach, whitch sought to identify the elements that can increase or reduce the workloads of the Family Health nurse. Forty nurses,36 Family Health Teamsthe five Regions of Brazil were considered successful, according to the National Primary Care Policy and with good evaluation in the National Program for Access and Quality Improvement of Primary Care. Data collection was performed by instrument triangulation, using semi-structured interviews, observation and documentary study,2013 to September 2016. The findings passed through the Thematic Content Analysis and categorization in the Atlas.ti software. It was found that the elements that most influence the increase in workloads are the precariousness of the work environment and the lack of resources added to the numerical deficit of the workforce and the excessive demand for care. However, teamwork, recognition for work done, bonding with users, and good interpersonal relationships all contribute to reducing the burden. We highlight the dialectic present in the elements of the work process influenced by objective conditions, the moment and the way they manifest themselves.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Nurses. Work conditions. Job. Primary Health Care. Family Health Strategy.
Biff, D, Pires, D.E.P., Forte, E.C.N, Trindade, L.L, Machado, R.R, Amadigi, F.R, Scherer, M.D.A., Soratto, J.. Cargas de trabalho de enfermeiros: Luzes e sombras na estratégia saúde da família.. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2019/nov). [Citado em 22/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/cargas-de-trabalho-de-enfermeiros-luzes-e-sombras-na-estrategia-saude-da-familia/17430?id=17430
