2036/2013 - De Paciente a Causo: uma etnografia com egressos de internação psiquiátrica From Patients to Stories: An Ethnography with Psychiatric Inpatient Care Releases
Considerando as contribuições das ciências sociais para a compreensão da assistência psiquiátrica que destacam a passagem de pessoa a paciente como crucial na carreira moral do doente mental, bem como de paciente a caso, visamos investigar outro destes momentos que alimentam o debate acadêmico sobre doença e identidade social: de paciente a causo. Com base em uma perspectiva sócio-antropológica sobre a vida de egressos de internação psiquiátrica, um trabalho de campo foi conduzido entre os anos de 2007 e 2010 junto a usuários de uma rede de atenção, seus familiares e vizinhos, destacando não só as categorias administrativas para designá-los entre os profissionais da rede como também as utilizados pelos habitantes da cidade. Notamos em que medida alguns habitantes são considerados: “doidos” mesmo sem terem sido “pacientes” da casa de repouso local; ora “usuários” por terem sido matriculados em estabelecimentos da rede, ora “clientes” por conta de sua freqüência no mesmo; “bonequeiros”, “nervosos” e “barulhentos” por conta de seu comportamento em público, alguns deles sendo objeto de comentário nas ruas da cidade e virando “causos” e outros sendo objeto de discussão nos estabelecimentos de saúde e tornando-se “casos clínicos”. Entre casos, causos e causas, portar transtornos mentais é tão relevante no manejo da identidade social estigmatizada quanto portar sobrenomes e apelidos.
Palavras-chave:
identidade social
saúde mental
estigma
família
comunidade
Abstract:
Social Science contributions to the understanding of psychiatric care have highlighted the passage from person to patient, and from patient to case, both crucial to the moral career of the mentally ill. In this article I investigate another moment relevant to a discussion on illness and social identity: the passage from patient to story. Between 2007 and 2010 I conducted ethnographic fieldwork with users of a care network, their relatives and neighbors. I highlighted not only the administrative categories that professionals in the network used to designate them, but also the ones used by other villagers. Some villagers are considered doidos ("looonies") without having been admitted as "patients" to the local inpatient facility. Others are "users", registered at an outpatient service; or "clients", when they are frequent users. Some are called bonequeiros ("troublemakers"), "nervous", or barulhentos ("noisy crackpots") because of their behavior in public. Finally, by becoming the object of comments by people on the street, they also become "stories", which are eventually discussed at the mental care facilities, thus becoming "clinical cases". Either as cases, stories, or causes, mental disorders are as relevant to the management of a stigmatized social identity as surnames and nicknames.
Keywords:
social identity
mental health
stigma
family
community
From Patients to Stories: An Ethnography with Psychiatric Inpatient Care Releases
Resumo (abstract):
Social Science contributions to the understanding of psychiatric care have highlighted the passage from person to patient, and from patient to case, both crucial to the moral career of the mentally ill. In this article I investigate another moment relevant to a discussion on illness and social identity: the passage from patient to story. Between 2007 and 2010 I conducted ethnographic fieldwork with users of a care network, their relatives and neighbors. I highlighted not only the administrative categories that professionals in the network used to designate them, but also the ones used by other villagers. Some villagers are considered doidos ("looonies") without having been admitted as "patients" to the local inpatient facility. Others are "users", registered at an outpatient service; or "clients", when they are frequent users. Some are called bonequeiros ("troublemakers"), "nervous", or barulhentos ("noisy crackpots") because of their behavior in public. Finally, by becoming the object of comments by people on the street, they also become "stories", which are eventually discussed at the mental care facilities, thus becoming "clinical cases". Either as cases, stories, or causes, mental disorders are as relevant to the management of a stigmatized social identity as surnames and nicknames.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
social identity
mental health
stigma
family
community
Batista e Silva, M. B.. De Paciente a Causo: uma etnografia com egressos de internação psiquiátrica. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2013/dez). [Citado em 23/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/de-paciente-a-causo-uma-etnografia-com-egressos-de-internacao-psiquiatrica/14920?id=14920
