0103/2022 - Impact assessment of emergency care units on hospitalizations for respiratory system diseases in Brazil Avaliação do impacto das unidades de pronto atendimento sobre as internações por doenças do aparelho respiratório no Brasil
As Unidades de Pronto Atendimento 24h (UPAs) compõem a Política de Atenção a Urgências e Emergências (PNAU) implementada pelo Governo Federal. São componentes pré-hospitalares fixos do SUS, cujo objetivo é o atendimento resolutivo de urgência a pacientes que sofrem quadros clínicos agudos, e o primeiro atendimento em casos cirúrgicos. Desde 2008, funcionam 750 unidades no Brasil, e há 332 em construção, conforme dados de 2020 do Ministério da Economia. Diante de uma política em expansão, é indispensável avaliar seus efeitos como parte do SUS. No entanto, foram encontrados poucos trabalhos avaliando o impacto das UPAs, e esses mediram os efeitos sobre taxas de mortalidade. Este trabalho objetiva mensurar o efeito das UPAs nas taxas de internação por doenças do aparelho respiratório. Para isso, utilizou-se uma estratégia de Machine Learning por meio do algoritmo Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART). Os resultados apontam uma diminuição nas taxas de internações por doenças do aparelho respiratório devido às UPAs. Assim, as evidências são de que essas unidades geram benefício para o sistema de saúde, sendo uma peça importante na linha de cuidado dos pacientes com doenças respiratórias.
Palavras-chave:
Serviços de Atendimento de Emergência, Avaliação em Saúde, Sistema Único de Saúde, Políticas Públicas de Saúde, Administração em Saúde Pública.
Abstract:
Emergency Care Units (UPAs) are part of a national health policy implemented by the Brazilian Government. UPAs are fixed prehospital components of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), whose purpose is to provide resolutive emergency care to patients suffering from acute clinical conditions, and to perform the first care in cases of surgical nature. According to the Ministry of Economy, 750 units are operational throughout the country since 2008, and 332 are under construction. Being a public policy in expansion, it is imperative to assess the impact of such units as part of SUS. However, we found few studies that assessed UPAs’ impact, which have examined their specific impact on mortality rates. In our research, we aimed to evaluate the impact of UPAs on hospitalization rates for diseases of the respiratory system. To measure the impact, we used a strategy of Machine Learning through the Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) algorithm. The results point to a decrease in the hospitalization rates by respiratory diseases due to Emergency Care Units. Therefore, these units generate a benefit for the Brazilian health system, being an important element for the care of patients with respiratory diseases.
Keywords:
Emergency Medical Services, Health Impact Assessment, Unified Health System, Health Public Policies, Public Health Administration.
Avaliação do impacto das unidades de pronto atendimento sobre as internações por doenças do aparelho respiratório no Brasil
Resumo (abstract):
Emergency Care Units (UPAs) are part of a national health policy implemented by the Brazilian Government. UPAs are fixed prehospital components of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), whose purpose is to provide resolutive emergency care to patients suffering from acute clinical conditions, and to perform the first care in cases of surgical nature. According to the Ministry of Economy, 750 units are operational throughout the country since 2008, and 332 are under construction. Being a public policy in expansion, it is imperative to assess the impact of such units as part of SUS. However, we found few studies that assessed UPAs’ impact, which have examined their specific impact on mortality rates. In our research, we aimed to evaluate the impact of UPAs on hospitalization rates for diseases of the respiratory system. To measure the impact, we used a strategy of Machine Learning through the Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) algorithm. The results point to a decrease in the hospitalization rates by respiratory diseases due to Emergency Care Units. Therefore, these units generate a benefit for the Brazilian health system, being an important element for the care of patients with respiratory diseases.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Emergency Medical Services, Health Impact Assessment, Unified Health System, Health Public Policies, Public Health Administration.
Wink Junior, M. V., Santos, F. L., Hoffmann, M. G., Garcia, L. P.. Impact assessment of emergency care units on hospitalizations for respiratory system diseases in Brazil. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2022/mai). [Citado em 24/12/2024].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/impact-assessment-of-emergency-care-units-on-hospitalizations-for-respiratory-system-diseases-in-brazil/18359?id=18359&id=18359
