0128/2017 - Má oclusão e vulnerabilidade social: estudo representativo de adolescentes de Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Malocclusion and social vulnerability: representative study with adolescentsBelo Horizonte, Brazil.
• Letícia Pereira Martins - Martins, Letícia Pereira - Ribeirão das NEves, Minas Gerais - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Odontopediatria e Ortodontia - <letypereiramartins@hotmail.com>
Coautor(es):
• Jéssica Madeira Bittencourt - Bittencourt, Jéssica Madeira - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Odontopediatria e Ortodontia - <jessbitten@yahoo.com.br>
• Cristiane Baccin Bendo - Bendo, Cristiane Baccin - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics - <crysbendo@yahoo.com.br>
• Miriam Pimenta Vale - Vale, Miriam Pimenta - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS, ODONTOPEDIATRIA E ORTODONTIA - <miriamodonto@gmail.com>
• Saul Paiva - Paiva, Saul - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Odontopediatria e Ortodontia - <smpaiva@uol.com.br>
Área Temática:
Saúde Bucal
Resumo:
Introdução: A má oclusão é um problema de saúde pública, devido à alta prevalência, possibilidade de tratamento e por interferir na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência da má oclusão em adolescentes e testar sua associação com indicador de vulnerabilidade social. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo transversal representativo com 1612 adolescentes, entre 11 e 14 anos de idade, de escolas públicas e privadas de Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Os adolescentes foram avaliados por três examinadores calibrados para o diagnóstico de má oclusão, utilizando o Índice Estético Dental. O Índice de Vulnerabilidade Social de Belo Horizonte foi utilizado para determinar o grau de vulnerabilidade social dos adolescentes. Os dados foram analisados através da regressão de Poisson com variância robusta (p<0,05). Resultados: A maioria dos adolescentes apresentou má oclusão ausente/leve (68,7%). Diagnosticou-se apinhamento dentário em 51,9% da amostra, diastema em 23,7%, mordida aberta anterior em 7,6 % e mordida cruzada posterior em 13,9%. A má oclusão mostrou-se associada à vulnerabilidade social (RP=1,25;95% IC=1,01-1,55). Conclusão: O apinhamento dentário foi o tipo de má oclusão mais prevalente. Os adolescentes mais vulneráveis socialmente apresentaram piores indicadores de má oclusão.
Palavras-chave:
AdolescenteFatores SocioeconômicosMá oclusão
Abstract:
Introduction: Malocclusion is public health problem because of its high prevalence, treatment possibility, and impact on the individual’s quality of life. Objective: Determining the prevalence of malocclusion in adolescents and to test its association with social vulnerability. Methods: A representative transversal study was performed with 1612 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years old who came from public and private schools in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The adolescents were examined by three calibrated examiners for diagnosis of malocclusion, using the Dental Aesthetic Index. The Social Vulnerability Index from Belo Horizonte was used to determine the degree of social vulnerability from adolescents. The data were analyzed using Poisson regression with robust variance (p<0,05). Results: Most adolescents presented absence/minor malocclusion (68.7%). Dental crowding was diagnosed in 51.9% from the sample, diastema in 23.7%, anterior open bite in 7.6 % and posterior crossbite in 13,9%. Malocclusion was associated with social vulnerability (PR=1.25;95% CI=1.01-1.55). Conclusion: Dental crowding was the most prevalent type of malocclusion. The more socially vulnerable adolescents had worse indicators of malocclusion.
Malocclusion and social vulnerability: representative study with adolescentsBelo Horizonte, Brazil.
Resumo (abstract):
Introduction: Malocclusion is public health problem because of its high prevalence, treatment possibility, and impact on the individual’s quality of life. Objective: Determining the prevalence of malocclusion in adolescents and to test its association with social vulnerability. Methods: A representative transversal study was performed with 1612 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years old who came from public and private schools in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The adolescents were examined by three calibrated examiners for diagnosis of malocclusion, using the Dental Aesthetic Index. The Social Vulnerability Index from Belo Horizonte was used to determine the degree of social vulnerability from adolescents. The data were analyzed using Poisson regression with robust variance (p<0,05). Results: Most adolescents presented absence/minor malocclusion (68.7%). Dental crowding was diagnosed in 51.9% from the sample, diastema in 23.7%, anterior open bite in 7.6 % and posterior crossbite in 13,9%. Malocclusion was associated with social vulnerability (PR=1.25;95% CI=1.01-1.55). Conclusion: Dental crowding was the most prevalent type of malocclusion. The more socially vulnerable adolescents had worse indicators of malocclusion.
