• Tatiana Lucena Torres - Torres, Tatiana Lucena - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia - <tltorres2@gmail.com>
Coautor(es):
• Antonia Oliveira Silva - Silva, Antonia Oliveira - Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem - <alfaleda2@gmail.com>
• Brigido Vizeu Camargo - Camargo, Brigido Vizeu - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia - <brigido.camargo@yahoo.com.br>
• Andrea Barbará Bousfield - Bousfield, Andrea Barbará - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia - <andreabs@gmail.com>
Área Temática:
Saúde do Idoso
Resumo:
Este estudo adotou a Teoria das Representações Sociais como referencial teórico, com o objetivo de caracterizar aproximações e distanciamentos de representações sociais e crenças normativas do envelhecimento para diferentes grupos etários. Os 638 participantes responderam um questionário autoaplicado e foram divididos paritariamente (sexo e idade). Os resultados demonstram que o envelhecimento se caracteriza por estereótipos positivos (sabedoria e experiência), além disso, a aposentadoria se vincula ao envelhecimento, mas de forma negativa, especialmente para homens, envolvendo adoecimento, solidão e incapacidade. Ao considerar a idade, verificamos que as conexões de elementos representacionais se tornam mais complexas para grupos de mais idade, mostrando funcionalidade da representação social, sobretudo para idosos. A fase adulta parece ser preferida e a velhice preterida. Houve divergências quanto ao início das fases da vida, notadamente em relação à velhice. O trabalho foi caracterizado como o oposto do envelhecimento, revelando a necessidade de ações voltadas para trabalhadores mais velhos e aposentados, com projetos pós-aposentadoria, além do necessário investimento em políticas públicas que incentivem contato intergeracional, na intenção de diminuir preconceitos e discriminação com base na idade das pessoas.
Palavras-chave:
envelhecimento
idoso
aposentadoria
estágios do ciclo de vida
Abstract:
This study adopted the Social Representation Theory as the theoretical framework, with the aim to characterize similarities and differences of social representations and normative beliefs of aging for different age groups. The 638 participants answered a self applied questionnaire and were divided equally (by gender and age). The results show that aging is characterized by positives stereotypes (wisdom and experience), moreover, retirement is related to aging, but as a negative form, and particularly to men, it is related to illness, loneliness and incapacity. When age was considered, it was verified that the connections with the representational elements became more complex for older groups, showing functionality of social representation, largely for elderlies. The adulthood seems to be preferred and old age disliked. There were divergences related to the perception of the beginning of life phases, especially to old age. Work was characterized as the opposite of ageing, revealing the requests of actions intended for older and retired workers, with post-retirement projects. Also, it suggests investment in public policies that encourage intergenerational contact, with efforts to reduce intolerance and discrimination based on age of people.
Social representations and normative beliefs of ageing
Resumo (abstract):
This study adopted the Social Representation Theory as the theoretical framework, with the aim to characterize similarities and differences of social representations and normative beliefs of aging for different age groups. The 638 participants answered a self applied questionnaire and were divided equally (by gender and age). The results show that aging is characterized by positives stereotypes (wisdom and experience), moreover, retirement is related to aging, but as a negative form, and particularly to men, it is related to illness, loneliness and incapacity. When age was considered, it was verified that the connections with the representational elements became more complex for older groups, showing functionality of social representation, largely for elderlies. The adulthood seems to be preferred and old age disliked. There were divergences related to the perception of the beginning of life phases, especially to old age. Work was characterized as the opposite of ageing, revealing the requests of actions intended for older and retired workers, with post-retirement projects. Also, it suggests investment in public policies that encourage intergenerational contact, with efforts to reduce intolerance and discrimination based on age of people.
