0035/2025 - Vigilância em saúde no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo Health surveillance in tackling COVID-19 in Brazil: a scope review
O manejo da pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil foi marcado por discursos contraditórios e decisões controversas por parte do chefe do poder executivo e do Ministério da Saúde, o que gerou incertezas quanto à implantação e implementação de ações federais eficazes no controle da doença. O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever as principais estratégias de vigilância em saúde adotadas pelo governo federal para o enfrentamento da COVID-19, com foco nas ações para prevenção da infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2. Trata-se de uma scoping review, realizada entre novembro de 2019 e janeiro de 2021, utilizando descritores DECS e MeSH em quatro bases de dados, além da consulta a 85 legislações disponíveis no Portal Legislação do governo brasileiro. A análise incluiu dez artigos científicos e identificou ações federais relacionadas a medidas não farmacológicas e farmacológicas, decisões sobre fronteiras internacionais, aquisição de insumos e serviços essenciais. Os resultados indicam a presença de estratégias pontuais para contenção da pandemia e vigilância insuficiente diante da magnitude de casos e óbitos registrados. Destaca-se ainda a ausência de suporte robusto do nível federal como fator que prejudicou a articulação e o planejamento das ações locais, regionais e nacionais no Sistema Único de Saúde.
Palavras-chave:
Brasil; Ministério da Saúde; Vigilância em Saúde Pública; COVID-19.
Abstract:
The management of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil was marked by contradictory statements and controversial decisions by the head of the executive branch and the Ministry of Health, creating uncertainty about the effective implementation of federal actions to control the disease. This study aims to describe the main health surveillance strategies adopted by the federal government to combat COVID-19, with a focus on actions aimed at preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. This is a scoping review conducted between November 2019 and January 2021, using DECS and MeSH descriptors in four databases, in addition to consulting 85 legislative documents available on the Brazilian government’s legislation portal. The analysis included ten scientific articles and identified federal actions related to non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures, decisions on international borders, procurement of supplies, and essential services. The results point to the presence of sporadic strategies for pandemic containment but reveal insufficient surveillance in the face of the number of cases and deaths recorded. The study highlights the lack of robust federal support, which hindered the coordination and planning of local, regional, and national actions within the Unified Health System.
Keywords:
Brazil; Ministry of Health; Public Health Surveillance; COVID-19.
Health surveillance in tackling COVID-19 in Brazil: a scope review
Resumo (abstract):
The management of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil was marked by contradictory statements and controversial decisions by the head of the executive branch and the Ministry of Health, creating uncertainty about the effective implementation of federal actions to control the disease. This study aims to describe the main health surveillance strategies adopted by the federal government to combat COVID-19, with a focus on actions aimed at preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. This is a scoping review conducted between November 2019 and January 2021, using DECS and MeSH descriptors in four databases, in addition to consulting 85 legislative documents available on the Brazilian government’s legislation portal. The analysis included ten scientific articles and identified federal actions related to non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures, decisions on international borders, procurement of supplies, and essential services. The results point to the presence of sporadic strategies for pandemic containment but reveal insufficient surveillance in the face of the number of cases and deaths recorded. The study highlights the lack of robust federal support, which hindered the coordination and planning of local, regional, and national actions within the Unified Health System.
Palavras-chave (keywords):
Brazil; Ministry of Health; Public Health Surveillance; COVID-19.
Borges, L.A, Silva, P.H.B, Baixinho, C.R.S.L, Zara, A.L.S.A, Oliveira, E.S.F. Vigilância em saúde no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo. Cien Saude Colet [periódico na internet] (2025/fev). [Citado em 05/07/2025].
Está disponível em: http://cienciaesaudecoletiva.com.br/artigos/vigilancia-em-saude-no-enfrentamento-da-covid19-no-brasil-uma-revisao-de-escopo/19511?id=19511
